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The invention of the decimal number system is credited with the ancient Arabs, the development - the Hindus. Its appearance in Europe dates back to about 1200 AD. Oe. Decimal digits expressed in time, house numbers and telephone numbers, prices, budget, readings, they are based metric system.
What is the secret of this success of the decimal system, competition which did not withstand the overwhelming majority of the other systems?
The process of decoding decimal numbers we usually carry out "automatically". Record of any number, say 1987, we decipher this: one thousand, nine hundred plus 8 tens plus 7 units. Consequently, our system - the weighted and the weights in her successive integer powers of 10 (1 = 10 °, 10 = 10 ', 100 = 102 1000 = 103 ...). The main feature of this choice of weights is that between all the possible numbers and codes-one correspondence, and arithmetic operations on numbers produced by a small number of simple rules.
We will not enumerate these rules, they are known to any first grade. They are based on two tables - multiplication and addition for all possible combinations of single-digit numbers (figures) and Transfer rule: if the result of adding two digits is a number greater than or equal to 10, then it can be written only by using two digits, with corresponding weights.
It is a simple arithmetic operation, operations of coding and decoding success lies the decimal number system. Rules for the Treatment of decimal numbers, studied in childhood, resulting in daily practice so hard to digest what we use them rather subconsciously. For this reason, many people are unaware of the existence of other number systems.